Neuron Summurization

Neuron Structure:

The signal potential starts at the dendrite where the neurotransmitter goes into the NT receptors. if the signal isin’t strong enough, it dosen’t pass, if the signal passes, it goes to the soma (cell body) where it then starts traveling through the axon by jumping between nodes of ranvier. Before the action potential is there, the axon is in resting potential where it has big negative atoms on the inside and small positive atoms at the outside. When the action potential approaches the ions start depolarizing and starts opening its walls to let in positively charged sodium ions in. This depolarization causes the axon to try to return to normal by repolarizing and letting out positive potassium ions. This whole process causes the action potential to move all the way down the axon and into the axon terminals and then to the axon terminal button. Within the button the action potential causes the synaptic vesicle to merge with the presynaptic membrane and release the neurotransmitters, this is called a synapse, these neurotransmitters will hit the postsynaptic membrane and go into the dendrite of another neuron. The recieving neuron determines if to send an action potential by the ammount of neurotransmitter imputs it gets from the other neurons. If the number of inputs is high enough, it will send an action potential.

Synapse Structure:

ATM: Axon terminal button, pre membrane: Presynaptic mambrane, post membrane: Postsynaptic membrane, S gap: Synaptic gap, NT: Neurotransmitter,