Very strong understanding, the written part of my test reflects this. Weakness is not understanding more basic things and getting those wrong on test, such as how many electrons in a valence shell, I counted incorrectly.
Bonding
Even stronger understanding, did all the homework to make sure I understood, my test also reflects this as I got 90%. A weakness was understanding resonance structures, next time I’ll do additional research to ensure my understanding.
The Mole
My weakness with this was my absences. I fell behind in this unit and my grade reflects this. To learn from my mistakes I will do all if not some of the homework if I’m sick. I can set goals to study everyday not every couple days. A strength was unitary rates, I understand how to cancel moles with atoms and vice versa.
As we may know, earth has seen five major extinctions over the past 540 million years. The End-Ordovician, Late Devonian, End- Permian, End-Triassic, and End-Cretaceous, also known as The Big Five.
The most famous of these is the End-Cretaceous extinction event around 66 million years ago, which wiped out about 17% of families, 50% of genera and 75% of all species, including 100% of non-avian dinosaurs. This was triggered by a roughly 10-kilometer-wide asteroid that struck the Yucatán Peninsula, leaving behind the Chicxulub crater.
The asteroid created a long series of destructive events. Global temperatures shot up, soot and ashes polluted the air, flaming pieces of the asteroid that were shot up by the impact, re-entered the atmosphere and created uncontrollable wildfires. Within 48 hours a massive tsunami had circled the entire globe. Not just any tsunami, this one was a thousand times bigger, and faster than any tsunamis we’ve ever seen caused by earthquakes.
A clip of what that would’ve looked like:
NEOS – WHAT ARE THEY?
Also known as Current Threats from Near-Earth Objects, NEOs are Asteroids and comets that come close to Earth’s orbit. They are monitored by different space agencies around the world. For example, NASA’s Near-Earth Object Observations (NEOO) Program constantly tracks these potential threats. According to their recent report there are over 27,000 known NEOs, with around 2,000 classified as potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs).
PROBABILITYY OF ASTEROID COLLISION
While the probability of an asteroid hitting earth is low, the potential consequences are extreme enough to raise concern. A study by the National Research Council estimates that an asteroid 1 kilometer in diameter could cause a global catastrophe, while an impact from a 10-kilometer asteroid would likely lead to mass extinction (as it has once).
CONSEQUENCE OF ASTEROID IMPACT
The destruction caused by the impact of an asteroid extends far beyond that first explosion (collision with earth). The immediate after effects include a massive tsunami, intense heat, and wildfires. The longer-term consequences could be even more devastating:
DARK WINTER
Dust and soot thrown into the atmosphere covers up the sun and creates a toxic, red-like sky. Our sun is very important, and it being covered up causes an intense drop in temperatures, severely disrupts photosynthesis which then causes a collapse in food chains on land, in oceans.
ACID RAIN
The result might cause rocks rich in sulfur to evaporate, and heavily cloud the sky, leading to sulfuric acid rain that could acidify soil, the ocean, and damage remaining organisms.
OZONE LAYER DAMAGES
The ozone layer is one of the outer layers in our atmosphere. Ozone is a molecule made of three oxygen atoms and absorbs harmful radiation from the sun, a portion of UV light called UVB. UVB has many damaging effects, including skin cancers, cataracts, and death to crops and marine life. An asteroid impact could release chemicals that can deplete this ozone layer, increasing harmful UVB light reaching the Earth’s surface.
PREVENT, PREPARE AND PROTECT
Now, all this does sound very scary, but not to worry we have agencies like NASA, SpaceX, and the European Space Agency that got our backs. In 2021, NASA’s DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) mission launched (with SpaceX being the launch services provider), and it aimed to “investigating and demonstrating one method of asteroid deflection by changing an asteroid’s motion in space through kinetic impact”(Shooting rockets at them) and 10 months later NASA’s mission was proven successful, throwing off the asteroid moonlet Dimorphos, off its course near earth. Meanwhile, the European Space Agency’s Hera mission will follow up on DART to study the impact’s effectiveness.
NASA’s asteroid probability data (page 4)
IN SUMMARY
Even though the probability of a huge asteroid hitting earth may be low, we have a higher chance of getting hit by a much smaller asteroid, (as we already have been) because 99% of small asteroids remain untracked. However, the risk of getting hit by a bigger one remains a risk. By confronting such threats head on, we take an important step in protecting our planet, but also humanity. That shows our ability to plan and act in the face of uncertainty, it highlights the scientific knowledge and tech advancements humans have made on our planet, to keep us safe, by knowing what goes beyond our planet.
REFLECTION
1. I searched up many questions, such as:
How did the asteroid impact contribute to the extinction of the dinosaurs?
What are the effects of a large asteroid hitting earth?
How are asteroid tracked and monitored?
2. Old digital tools include Google, Wikipedia, Youtube. New ones include NASA official website (very helpful), and National Geographic.
3. Process to investigate was:
Understand the main idea that I want to research
Formulate specific questions
Use different types of digital tools
gather and analyze info
Demonstrate understanding in a summarized, effective way
4. I verified it by using reliable resources and I cited it using a citation machine.
5. I enjoyed this challenge, it was difficult at first to find good information since there is so much, but it got easier as my questions became precise. Overall, I did like learning about asteroids!
CITATIONS
NASA Planetary Defense Strategy and Action Plan. (n.d.). https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/nasa_-_planetary_defense_strategy_-_final-508.pdf(Page 4 and 13)
Once, people made clothes with care, using materials from home or local sources. However, in the early 80’s the world came to know fast fashion, and consumerism became a trend. Then came stores like H&M, Zara, Uniqlo that offer cheap, trendy clothes in huge amounts. As many trends come and go, so do the clothes. yet we keep buying more and more, not really caring about where it ends up or what it costs to produce large amounts of clothes in a short period of time.
After I found this graph, I thought it was interesting how clothing sales have doubled over the course of 15 years, while clothing utilization has decreased. Meaning, people buy way more clothes than they need, much less actually use. The reason I chose to represent this graph is because I think that we all can afford to reuse our clothes a lot more and think twice before buying clothes we don’t need.
Fast fashion has many negative impacts on the world, and many people know about the all the waste that comes from fast fashion, but not many know of the pollution it produces to make the clothes and distribute them.Here are different areas it affects:
I found an overwhelming amount of information, but I thought the graph from earlier represented exactly what I wanted to show, the dramatic increase for clothes but a decrease for the usage of those clothes and how ridiculous that is!
I chose trash cans filled with clothes to represent clothing sales, since most of those clothes end up as garbage. I chose a closet/drawer to represent the decrease in clothing utilization because those are the clothes we’re actually using.
CONCLUSION
I think there’s a solution to fast fashion, like demanding that companies start producing clothes in a sustainable and ethical way, such as reducing their water consumption, and minimizing waste generation, by using eco-friendly materials that don’t hurt our environment. We as the consumers can try to build a better future by buying from eco friendly stores as well as second hand, donating and promoting quality over quantity. We can spread awareness so our society and people around us learn to prioritize our environment over fashion trends. I hope my project and research has taught you all the negative impacts of fast fashion, and will make you think twice before buying clothes you do not need and will not wear, or buying cute shoes you found online but come from a questionable source.
I think with responsiblity and awareness, we can build a better, healthier, and sustainable future for ourselves.
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Not only does the synthetic microplastics pollute our water, but the clothes themselves require ridiculous amounts of water. 
