Today we did a series of experiments which involved chemical reactions and equations.
The three tests were with calcium metal and water, decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Calcium metal and water
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Open in new tab The gas we were testing for was hydrogen gas and we could tell that we got the correct one because we used a lit splint and water. When the fuel (the splint) reacted to the calcium and water mixed together, the heat from the flame and the chemicals made a loud sound because of how fast and how hot everything in the test tube. The molecules expanded and that caused the flame to extinguish and create a noise. Also, the only time hydrogen reacts with air is when there is an ignited flame that creates oxygen. Therefore, the product of hydrogen gas and oxygen is water
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
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The gas we tested for in this experiment was oxygen gas and we knew we had the correct gas because the glowing embers of the splint were able to ignite when placed inside the test tube. The reason why the embers could create a flame was because when hydrogen peroxide decomposes, it then turns into water and oxygen. Since fire needs oxygen and fuel to ignite and with the oxygen in the test tube, it immediately caused the embers to create a flame. There was also a popping noise when the splint entered the tube and created the flame and this was from how quickly the heat and oxygen molecules reacted with one another.
Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid
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The gas we tested for this time was carbon dioxide gas and we knew we had the correct gas because the flame was extinguished when it entered the test tube. In order for fire to stay ignited, it needs heat, fuel, and oxygen and when one of this aspects are not present, the flames cannot stay lit. Since one of the products of this reaction created carbon dioxide, this made it impossible for a flame to substain itself.
Knowing how embers and flames react with gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide gas can be extremely helpful in our everyday lives. By knowing was extinguished and ignites flames, it can be useful for potentially stopping a fire from spreading, since you know what will kill the flame and what will make it worse. Also, you know what to expose or not expose open flames to and this can help prevent a fire.
Overall, this experiment was an awesome experience and I’m glad I got the chance to work on balancing equations and seeing the different chemical reactions!