Grade 10

1.2 – L’immigration chinoise et la perspective historique

Voici l’enregistrement de Kennedy et Maddy. Pour la première partie, Kennedy a parlé à la perspective d’une enseignante dans une école affectée et Maddy a parlé à la perspective d’une élève Sino-Canadien. Dans la deuxième partie, Kennedy a parlé dans la perspective d’un parent Sino-Canadien et Maddy a parlé dans la perspective d’un membre du conseil.

 

EnLIGHTening chemical reactions involving flames

Today we did a series of experiments which involved chemical reactions and equations.

The three tests were with calcium metal and water, decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, and sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

Calcium metal and water

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The gas we were testing for was hydrogen gas and we could tell that we got the correct one because we used a lit splint and water. When the fuel (the splint) reacted to the calcium and water mixed together, the heat from the flame and the chemicals made a loud sound because of how fast and how hot everything in the test tube. The molecules expanded and that caused the flame to extinguish and create a noise. Also, the only time hydrogen reacts with air is when there is an ignited flame that creates oxygen. Therefore, the product of hydrogen gas and oxygen is water

 

Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

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The gas we tested for in this experiment was oxygen gas and we knew we had the correct gas because the glowing embers of the splint were able to ignite when placed inside the test tube. The reason why the embers could create a flame was because when hydrogen peroxide decomposes, it then turns into water and oxygen. Since fire needs oxygen and fuel to ignite and with the oxygen in the test tube, it immediately caused the embers to create a flame. There was also a popping noise when the splint entered the tube and created the flame and this was from how quickly the heat and oxygen molecules reacted with one another.

 

Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid

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The gas we tested for this time was carbon dioxide gas and we knew we had the correct gas because the flame was extinguished when it entered the test tube. In order for fire to stay ignited, it needs heat, fuel, and oxygen and when one of this aspects are not present, the flames cannot stay lit. Since one of the products of this reaction created carbon dioxide, this made it impossible for a flame to substain itself.

 

Knowing how embers and flames react with gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide gas can be extremely helpful in our everyday lives. By knowing was extinguished and ignites flames, it can be useful for potentially stopping a fire from spreading, since you know what will kill the flame and what will make it worse. Also, you know what to expose or not expose open flames to and this can help prevent a fire.

Overall, this experiment was an awesome experience and I’m glad I got the chance to work on balancing equations and seeing the different chemical reactions!

 

Epigenetics Sway

Our task was to research our given topic and create a presentation for the class and have a seperate script to read off of. Our topic was epigenetics which is the study of how your environment affects your phenotype. Throughout this assignment I learned a lot about how this relates to the “Nature vs Nurture” concept and much more!

Mendelian Genetics – Cystic Fibrosis

Our task today was to research a Mendelian genetic trait and find some interesting information about it. The trait I picked is Cystic Fibrosis.

Cystic Fibrosis is a fatal genetic disease that affects Canadians of all ages and currently, there is no cure. This disease has many awful effects on the human body, mostly in the digestive system and the lungs. For certain people the severity of the disease worsens and then destroys the lungs and their function which then eventually ends the life of many. There are many complications caused by Cystic Fibrosis such as trouble digesting fats and proteins, sinus infections, lung damage and infections, diabetes, and much more.

The cause of this awful disease starts when a child receives two defective recessive copies of the Cystic Fibrosis gene, one coming from each parent. About one in every twenty-five Canadians carry one copy of this gene and they are perfectly normal, healthy, and do not have any of the symptoms related to the disease. However, when two carriers of the CF gene have a child together, there is a 25% chance the child will be born with the disease as well. There is a 50% chance the child will be a carrier, as well as a 25% chance the child will not carry the gene at all, leaving them free of the disease. This shows that the percentage of people that get the dominant gene rather than the recessive gene is 75% – 25% because even if you carry the recessive gene, you need two faulty copies to have the disease.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Citations

“What Is Cystic Fibrosis?” Cystic Fibrosis Canada, Cystic Fibrosis Canada, www.cysticfibrosis.ca/about-cf/what-is-cystic-fibrosis.