- By: Alina, and Keisha
Grade 9
Humans in Space
Station 1 :
Identify the three types of space probes, and describe the purpose of each.
- Interplanetary: the purpose of this space probe is to fly by celestial bodies.
- Orbiters: these probes are placed in orbit around a celestial body.
- Landers: these probes land on the surface of a celestial body.
Describe three milestones in space exploration that you think are interesting ( include the data, name of the mission &/or probe/ship, and why you think it is important).
- First Animal in Orbit: Mission Sputnik 2, November 3, 1957. A dog named laika was sent into orbit and survived the launch, but it was found that although having a weeks supply of food she died within hours, this was possibly due to a life support failure causing her canister to over heat. This mission is important because although the dog had died it was the first time that a living creature was sent into orbit.
- First Human in Space: April 12, 1961, the Soviet Union launches cosmonaut Yuri A. Gagarin on a 108-minute flight. Gagarin becomes the first to successfully orbit the globe. His spaceship, however, is not designed to land at a safe speed, so on the descent, Gagarin jumps out and parachutes the final few thousand meters. This is an important event because he was the first human in space and was able to survive, it was a landmark in history, and it is also impressive that he landed without his spaceship.
- First Manned Moon Landing: July 20, 1969, The lunar module of Apollo 11, nicknamed the Eagle, touches down on the moon, with 30 seconds’ worth of fuel to spare. Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, Jr., descend to the surface. This event was important because it was the very first time a human had gone to the moon, and we were able to learn more about our surroundings
Station 2 :
Explain the relationship between spending time in space and the following:
Sense of spinning: While in space it is hard for your body to adjust, for example, your inner ear, it tells your body when you are moving or stopped, or when you are lying on your side but, when you’re in space that small mechanism goes awry, which often cause astronauts to experience things such as motion sickness for a day or so after entering microgravity. Many have also experienced this after re-entering our planet’s pull.
Bones and Muscles: While on earth body parts such as your muscles, bones, and even your heart work a fair amount to keep our bodies moving. Scientists have found that while in space we do not have the downward force of gravity, causing our bodies to become weaker, this is due to the fact that they don’t have to work as much as they do on earth.
Body fluid: Without gravity the fluids in our bodies float to our heads. This fluidic drift can cause serious conditions including pressure on the optic nerves, which can effect your vision.
Cosmic radiation: Earths magnetic field provides a form of natural shielding that protects us from a good amount of high energy radiation. Out side of this zone artificial shielding on the ISS partially protects astronauts from radiation exposure, but isn’t effective for all radiation types which leaves some astronauts more susceptible to cancer and other long term health risks.
Watch the video of astronaut Chris Hadfield making a PB&J in space and find another video.
Station 3:
Choose a Canadian astronaut (CSA link) – describe one mission that this astronaut participated in. Give the personal history of that astronaut.
Chris Hadfield
Mission: On December 19th, 2012, Chris Hadfield went on a Soyuz spacecraft to the ISS (International space station) to carry out scientific experiments, to operate Canadarm2, and perform robotics tasks.
History: Born August 29, 1959, in Sarnia, and raised in Milton, Ontario. Chris Hadfield is married to Helene Hadfield, they have three children. He enjoys skiing, playing guitar, singing, riding, writing, running, and playing volleyball and squash.He also Graduated as an Ontario Scholar from Milton District High School in 1977; Received a bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering (with honours), Royal Military College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, in 1982; Conducted post-graduate research at the University of Waterloo, Ontario in 1982; Received a Master of Science in aviation systems at the University of Tennessee in 1992.
Choose a future NASA mission – explain the objective of the mission, and any relevant details (where, when, etc.).
Mid-Infrared Instrument: will image stars and galaxies in infrared light.
Objective: Data from the instrument will contribute to investigations about the evolution of the universe and the search for the first-ever episode of star formation, or “first light.”
Details: This mission is set to launch in 2018. Launch location: Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana.
Statistics Project
Influence on the Collection of Data:
Bias: Being prejudice in favor or against one thing, usually considered to be unfair.
Example: A survey asks “would you stop using paper for a day to save an endangered species ?” this question creates a feeling that by saying no you are saying you wouldn’t want to save the animals, so more people are going to say yes.
Time and Timing: Using a certain event to dictate a certain result in favor of what you want.
Example: A phone company makes a commercial about their monthly deals and airs it during the superbowl when a lot of people are watching, they want more people to see their deals so they air it when most people are watching.
Use of Language: Using words to influence the result a person might pick.
Example: A survey says “most people prefer coffee over tea, what is your opinion?”
Ethics: Using a persons morals or principles to persuade them into picking a result.
Example: “Pick yes to save the red pandas !” this would be an example of ethics because your using a peoples emotions to influence the amount of people that choose yes.
Privacy: Can be used to persuade people to answer in a certain way, if they know that their response isn’t going to be kept private they may answer differently then they would have if their response was kept private.
Example: A online survey asks for your phone number and address before starting the survey, if you know this before hand you may lie about your answers just incase the results become public.
Cultural Sensitivity: The person conducting the survey should be aware of cultural preferences and their opinions because this can effect the data, if the person conducting the survey isn’t careful they could offend other cultures altering the data they might get.
Example: If a meat shop went to a Muslim church and ask them what their favourite type of pork was, this would be offensive because they don’t eat pork.
Cost: May influence the data because it may cost more to conduct the survey itself than the benefits that come with it.
Example: A company want to set up a both and hand out samples of their new product, they will have to ask themselves if by handing out samples of their new product the sales of that product will make up for the cost of the samples and booth.
Population and Sample:
Population: All of the individuals in the group being studied.
- Example: The population in a federal election is all eligible voters.
Sample: Any group of individuals selected from the population.
- Example: A sample of the population in a federal election might be 100 individuals chosen from each province or territory.
Sampling Methods:
Convenience sample: A sample created by choosing individuals from the population who are easy to access.
- Example: If you wanted to find what pizza flavours were most popular among college students you could go to a local college and survey the students, you could then reliably say that your results are an accurate representation of most college students.
Random Sample: A sample created by choosing a specific number of individuals randomly from the whole population. Random means that each individual has an equal chance of being chosen. As a result it is likely to represent the whole population; data from random sampling can be used to make predictions about the population.
- Example: Adrian is thinking about moving permanently to a new town. However, he wants to get an idea of how the people in the town feel about the safety of the town, Adrian uses a phone book with all of the names of the people in the town as his population group. He then puts each name on a piece of paper and puts the papers into a bag. Adrian can blindly select a certain number of names from the bag, everybody has an equal chance of getting selected.
Stratified Sample: A type of random sampling created by dividing the whole population into distinct groups and then choosing the same fraction of members from each group.
- Example: High school students are separated into groups based on their grade, 20 people are then selected from each group and asked what their favourite subject is.
Systematic Sample: A type of random sampling created by choosing individuals at fixed intervals from an ordered list of the whole population.
- Example: Lucas is the manager of a movie theater, and wants to find out how the customers feel about the new renovations they’ve done at the theater, he can’t ask every customer that comes in so he decides to ask every 9th customer that walks in.
- His intervals would be: 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81…
Voluntary Response Sample: A sample created by inviting the whole population to take part.
- Example: A Radio station asks for its viewers to take part in an online survey, based on the music they want to hear, the viewers have the choice of doing the survey or not.
How can choosing inappropriate sampling methods bias the data?
- If You pick the wrong sampling methods it may not appeal to the people you are trying to target , or if your wording isn’t right it may have the opposite effect of what you want.
- Example: If you went to Wendy’s and asked people walking out of the store if they liked Mcdonalds or Wendys more, this would be an inappropriate sampling method because they are more likely going to choose Wendy’s.
Theoretical and Experimental Probability:
Theoretical Probability: What we expect to happen during the probability test.
Experimental Probability: What the actual results are during the probability testing.
Example: If you flipped a coin 50 times the theoretical probability of getting heads or tails is 50 – 50, However when you actually do the experiment you could get 23 heads and 27 tails or vice versa, this would be experimental probability because these are the actual results of the probability testing.
Misleading Statistics:
This is misleading because the overall percentage doesn’t add up to 100% but instead adds up to an overall percentage of 120%. Another thing that is misleading about this chart is the way the data was put together, Fox News fused some of the data in their poll together. There were five options altogether, Very likely, somewhat likely, not very likely, not very likely at all, and a section for those who were unsure. They fused the data for “very likely” and “somewhat likely” together to get the 59%, they put “very likely” into its own group after they fused it with another, they fused together “not very likely” and “not very likely at all” to get 26%, and they removed all the data for those who were unsure.
This is very misleading because the chart makes it look like the players throwing speed in 2013 is two times less then what it was in 2012,but if you look closely at the actual numbers there is only a two mile per hour difference. They made the gap between the two graphs larger making it seem that there was a huge drop in the players speed.
Again this chart is misleading because it makes it look as if the amount of people on welfare is four times larger than the amount of people with a full time job, however, if you take a closer look at the numbers there is only a small difference between them. The data for this chart is also misleading because when Fox News was gathering the data if you lived in a household with someone who was (briefly) on some kind of welfare program, that counted against you and everyone in your household.
Created by: Keisha Nagorr, and Darren Phan
TOKTW 2016
The Interview:
Rap: 10, Class: Math 9
Name of your host: Monica Nagorr , Relationship to you: Mother
1. What is your job title?
Supervisor
2. What is your job description?
cash handling, shift supervisor, customer service representative
3. What are the duties and/or tasks you perform at your job?
cash handling, serving customers, closing/opening the store
4. What qualifications do you have for this job in the following areas:
a) training?
on the job training, food safety, customer management, computer training
b) education?
No education needed for this job
c) experience?
customer service
d) skills and attributes (personal qualities
friendly with people, efficient, able to deal with difficult situations, and trustworthy
5. What are some of the things you like about the job?
meeting new people and making them happy
6. What are some of the things you dislike about this job?
rude customers, working late nights, and working long hours
7. How do you anticipate this job changing in the next 5 years or so?
more self serve
Student Reflection:
1. Give three reasons why you would like this job (be specific):
a) you get the opportunity to meet a variety of new people
b) It gives you the experience needed for other jobs
c) you get steady hours
2. Give three reasons why you would not like this job (be specific):
a) you don’t get paid much, minimum wage
b) not a competitive field, you can’t go far in the company
c) working long hour shifts
3. Is this job for you? Why or why not?
No, I wouldn’t consider working at a fast food restaurant a long term job for me mainly because you don’t earn that much money, I would think of this job as more of a stepping stone for other jobs in the future.
4. Explain the value of the TOKTW experience in relation to your ideas about your post secondary (after high school) plans (education?, training?, travel?, work?).
It gives me an idea of different jobs I may want to do according to my post secondary plans. It gives me an idea of what kind of education I may need for the job I want, and the kind of things I may be required to do.
Photos:
Expanding Universe
What did you do in this lab?
In this lab we blew up a balloon slightly and drew dot’s on it, then we measured the distances between the dot’s. Then we would then blow up the balloon to half of its size and measure the distances once again, then finally we blew up the balloon as large as we could and measured the distance of the dot’s one last time. We did this to show how the distance between the galaxies get farther apart.
What did the balloon and dots represent?
During this lab the balloon was used to represent the universe whereas the dot’s were used to represent the different galaxies.
What was the trend in your expansion distance?
These are the expansion differences we found:
- A – 1.6
- B – 3.4
- C – 3.1
- D – 7
- E – 5
To find the expansion difference you subtract the data from the barely inflated balloon from that of the fully inflated balloon. When we were analyzing these numbers we couldn’t find the “trend” or anything that they had in common with one another.
What is your opinion on the value of the activity? What are some things your still curious about?
I liked this astronomy lab because it showed how the galaxies move apart from one another in a simple way to understand. What I would like to know is does the universe have an ending point or does it not have an end?
Taming of the Shrew Stop Motion Induction Scene Project
This stop motion video is based on “Taming of the Shrew” a comedic play written by William Shakespeare.
This Stop motion was created by Joy, keisha, Jenna. Joy’s role during the creation of the stop motion project was to download the stop motion app, take the photo’s, upload the video to youtube, narrate scenes, and to bring in the lego needed. Keisha also contributed by writing the storyboard, moving the characters, bringing in lego, and narrating scenes. Jenna contributed by narrating scenes, and writing out the treatment plan.
The induction scene in the play is used as the opening act and sets the tone or feeling for the main act, an inset is used to describe a play within in a play. We demonstrated the induction scene for the majority of our take on “Taming of the Shrew” by showing the story of Christopher Sly and the Lord’s prank. The inset can be seen near the end of our video when the players perform their play for Christopher Sly and his wife.
For our project we used an app called “stop motion” to film our video, it was a simple app to use because you only needed to move your characters and take photo’s as well as a simple navigation system. We had decided to use Lego to present our version of “Taming of the Shrew” in a way different from a stage play.
Some of the challenges that occurred during the making of the stop motion was getting the narration to match with the scenes, we had a hard time making sure we met the minimum of two minutes, and we had problems with getting the audio to work on the app.
What we learned during the project was how to use the stop motion app, we also gained a better understanding of the induction scene from the play.
Mutation Story
Part 1: Mutation Story
My name is Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome, but you can call me progeria for short. I am a negative genetic mutation inside of 10 year old Sarah’s body. I am a rare gene found in few children that causes their body to age fast. My siblings and I only affect 1 in 4 million children of all races and genders. For Sarah her body is what is most affected by my appearance.
Sarah’s mutation wasn’t inherited from her parents, Sarah was born with my mutation which was caused by the LMNA gene that makes a protein called lamin A. The protein lamin A plays a part in determining the shape of the nucleus within a cell. I was the result of a production of an abnormal version of the protein lamin A. The abnormal protein causes the nuclear envelope to become unstable, damaging the nucleus, making the cells more likely to die prematurely.
I affect Sarah more physically than internally. When Sarah was born she looked like any other healthy newborn baby and then began to show symptoms of having progeria and diagnosed before the age of two. my mutation caused Sarah to have a large head, big eyes, aged looking skin, abnormal tooth growth, hair loss including eyelashes and eyebrows, loss of body fat, fragile bones, and causes Sarah to have a high pitched voice. There is no way for Sarah to get rid of me, but she can have surgeries that limit complications that Sarah may have like heart attacks and strokes.
My host Sarah has always had hard times doing things that all kids are able to do and usually suffers from muscle pains. Most children living with progeria die at the average age of 13 but some are known to have lived longer than that age. Sarah goes to school like any other child, although she has a larger head her brain wasn’t affected. Some people stare at Sarah because she looks different but she acts the same as any other kid. It makes me feel bad for causing Sarah hardships and knowing that because of me we will both die at a young age.
Links Used:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/progeria/basics/symptoms/con-20029424
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/hutchinson-gilford-progeria-syndrome#inheritance
http://www.webmd.com/children/guide/progeria?page=1#1
https://www.genome.gov/11007255/learning-about-progeria/
http://www.progeriaresearch.org/progeria_101.html
http://abcnews.go.com/Health/children-living-progeria-inside-world/story?id=14182279
Part 2: The Making of the Mutation Story
What questions did you need to research in order to create your Mutation Story?
At first I just searched progeria and then later on to narrow the search and get more details I searched things such as, what genetic mutation causes progeria?, and what its like living with progeria.
What New familiar Digital tools did you try to use as you worked through this project?
I mainly used google, and google images, but I also used the Genetics home reference website which I thought was reliable. As I worked through this project I would find pages that I thought to be reliable and I would bookmark them to use later.
What was the process you used to investigate the topic?
At first I just did a general search of progeria and then later on to narrow the search and get more details I searched things like what genetic mutation causes progeria?, and what its like living with progeria and then branched off from there by writing down the information I thought was useful in a notebook and copying that down into my story.
How did you verify and cite the information you found?
I would look at the question I was trying to answer then I would look through a couple websites to see if they all had common information.
How did the process of completing this challenge go? What could you Have done better?
I think that the process went fairly well for me and I found that it was fun learning about my mutation and writing the story. I think what I could have done better was present my story in a more engaging way like a PowerPoint or Prezi, and to write in a more interesting way.
Edible DNA
Step 1: Step 2: Step 3:
How are chromosomes, DNA, and genes related to one another?
Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes are related to one another because a chromosome is made up on DNA, and a gene is a section of DNA from one chromosome that has the instructions to build one protein. This is what makes the three related to one another.
What do each represent:
Black licorice:
- The black licorice represents part of the sugar/phosphate backbone in the DNA
Red licorice:
- The red licorice represents the other part of the sugar/phosphate backbone in the DNA
Toothpicks:
- The toothpicks represent the bonds between the bases and backbones
Marshmallows:
- The marshmallows represent the different bases
Pink: Cytosine (C)
Yellow: Adenine (A)
Green: Guanine (G)
Orange: Thymine (T)
Did this activity help you understand DNA?
Yes, this lab better helped me grasp the concepts that we had learned in class about DNA. It helped me visualise what a strand of DNA might look like and how the bases would be placed on the DNA to create its own unique code.
“Animal Farm” Propaganda Poster
In this propaganda poster based on “Animal Farm” by George Orwell, one would notice some of the following techniques such as, Fear, Glittering Generalities, Card Stacking, and Common Enemy/Scape Goat. This propaganda poster uses “Fear” as one of its techniques because it shows how the animals see Mr. Jones or humans from their point of view, it also bolds the word “JONES” because none of the animals want Mr. Jones to return to the farm because they fear him. Another technique used is “Glittering Generalities” this technique can be seen because, the slogan “Do you want Jones to return?” is used to capture peoples attention. The slogan is used to convince people that if you don’t follow the pigs then Mr. Jones will return to the farm. The technique of “Card Stacking” is also used in the poster to make the pigs look better then Mr. Jones or the humans. In the poster Mr. Jones is shown with a devil horn on his head however the pig is shown with a halo above its head, meaning that compared to the pigs, Mr. Jones and all humans are evil. The last technique used in the poster is “Common Enemy” or “Scape Goat” this technique is used in the poster to show that all of the animals on the farm share the same common enemy, humans. The poster image simplifies the situation on the farm by saying that under the rule of humans life is like hell, but compared to the humans under the pigs rule life is like living on “Sugar Candy Mountain.”
2 Types of Charge
What charge does vinyl carry? When?
Vinyl carries a negative charge after it is rubbed together with wool.
What charge does acetate carry? When?
Acetate carries a positive charge after it is rubbed together with cotton.
What happens when two positively charged objects are close together?
When two positively charged objects are close together the two objects repel each other.
What happens when two negatively charged objects are close together?
When two negatively charged objects are close together the two objects repel one another.
What happens when positive + negative objects are close together?
When a positive and negative charged objects are close together they attract each other.
what happens when a neutral object is close to a charged object?
When a neutral object is close to a charged object they will attract one another.