Civil War

Causes:

Charles didn’t rule according to the law is the main cause of the civil war. This is an underlying cause as it continued to build up anger and frustration in the parliament over a long period of time (1625-42). This cleared the path for all the other causes, thus being the main cause of the civil war. If Charles had been ruling according to law he wouldn’t have needed to obtain money without parliaments consent. This also makes his advisors more desirable because they wouldn’t be taking money or land. If Charles ruled alongside parliament instead of against parliament (ruling by law) they wouldn’t have needed to past the grand remonstrance preventing the invasion on the House of Commons and preventing the civil war. Without this cause the civil war was most likely not to happen.

Components:

The most important component was the battle of Naseby. In this battle the parliamentary combine with the Presbyterians to destroy the royalist forces. The war would’ve lasted much longer if this war hadn’t occurred. This battle represented a huge turning point in the war.

The next big component would be the Solemn League and Covenant. The Solemn League and Covenant was a treaty between the Scots and parliamentary forces. This made the parliamentary force stronger and larger. In order for the alliance to occur the English had to agree to be Presbyterian. This led to Cromwell beating the scots after they “offed” Charles.

Then the Battle of Edgehill. The Battle of Edgehill was the first battle of the civil war and many men died. The royalists suffered around 10000 losses and the parliamentary suffered around 4000. This shaped the civil war because it made it clear which army was stronger.

Consequence:

The biggest consequence was the trial of Charles. This was the first time a king had been tried. That trial then led to the execution of the king. This was the biggest because it had an immediate effect of the fact that ‘England just had their king executed. What now?’ This then lead into Cromwell taking over and implying horrible laws and rules. At first the English thought it was a good idea and then Cromwell took over.

Components:

After Cromwell won the civil war and after he had the king executed he was appointed the ‘Lord Protector’ and took the non-monarch monarch position and then imposed the ‘Blue Laws,’ (component one). This had an immediate effect and a long term effect. This also represented the turning point of the “Cromwell Republic”. This prevented all people from shopping on Sundays and was a day of worship strictly enforced by law. This led to Cromwell establishing a military republic in England made of 12 districts. Later on a general by the name of Monck re-establishes parliament and gets rid of the Cromwell name and invites Charles II to reclaim the throne, (component two). This represented a turning point because it brought England back to being a monarchy. A constitutional monarchy.

Component:

The most important component is the fact that parliament established Charles II as a constitutional monarch after Cromwell’s reign of terror. This then led to the elimination of the ‘Blue Laws’, and the punishment of the regicides. Without Charles II becoming king after Cromwell, England wouldn’t have been brought back to a constitutional monarchy.

Components:

The most important components of the glorious revolution are when James II abdicated the throne and when Mary and William took the accepted the throne and agreed to the bill of rights. James abdicating the throne is very important because if he didn’t Mary and William wouldn’t have been king and queen for a longer amount of time. This led to Mary and William agreeing to the bill of rights. This was extremely important because it gave freedom of speech and other rights to the English people. Without these two events England wouldn’t be the way it is today. England wouldn’t be able to survive without freedom of speech.