Neuron Structure- Receives and transmits information

Action potential- nerve impulse is an electrical signal called AP; change in electrical charge of neurons when nerve impulse is transmitted. Action potential is caused by the movement of positive ions in and out. Action potential moves down the axon and only in one direction towards the axon terminal. From resting potential, inside has negative charge; With depolarization, incoming messages stimulate section of the axon and allow Na+ to enter; Repolarization, allows K+ to exit; Sequential depolarization/repolarization allows AP to keep moving down the axon.

AP reaches axon terminal, which causes synaptic vesicle to release Neurotransmitters into the gap and binds to receptors, they’re received as excitatory- stimulates AP or inhibitory- represses AP, and goes to the dendrite of the receiving neuron.

Neurons are separated by junctions called synapsis, where the terminal button at the end of the axon of a neuron doesn’t quite touch the dendrites of another.

If the excitatory effect is greater than the inhibitory influence of NT, then the receiving neuron produces AP, reaches the threshold, if inhibitory is greater than excitatory, then the receiving neuron doesn’t produce AP.