Book Review- All The Light We Cannot See

The book All The Light We Cannot See written by Anthony Doerr is a fantastic book. He tells the story from two different perspectives during WWII; one character is running away from occupied France, while the other is in the German army. The book alternates between present and past with the use of flashbacks. They can be hard to follow sometimes because the transition is not always obvious. The two characters have different struggles but are always related in an underlying way which makes the book exciting but also difficult to read sometimes. The reader never knows what is going to happen next to the characters which makes for a suspenseful read.

I personally really enjoy reading the book because of the way it transitions. There are no chapters so it just switches back and forth between the two characters lives, creating suspense and making you want to read further. It is a big book when you first look at it but once you get into it, it is an easy read. The only problem with the way the book is written is that you need to have background information about pre WWII/interwar period to understand certain aspects. As you are reading, you can feel the characters emotions and what they are going through just based upon the authors word choice. Other than the fact that you need to know some background information, the book is magnificently written and is a wonderful yet sad display of emotions and tragedies. I don’t like many books, but this book is a must read.

Neuron and Synapse Function

Neurons are cells that transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells. There are three types of neurons; motor neurons, sensory neurons, and interneurons. Each neuron is composed of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Some neurons however have myelin sheath. The cell body supports the life of the neuron, while the axon transmits and carries signals to other neurons. The dendrites are then there to receive those signals. The myelin sheath function is to improve the safety and speed of the neural impulses along the axon. It serves as an electrical insulator that prevents the dispersion of the impulses into other structures.The only type of neuron that has myelin sheath is the sensory neuron.

The process in which neurons send electrical pulses to communicate is called action potential. The neuron sends an electrical charge through depolarization and repolarization. When the axon is at resting potential, it has a negative charge inside. Depolarization is when the channels in the axon’s membrane open up and let in sodium ions, changing the charge of the axon to positive. In repolarization, potassium ions exit the the axon’s membrane which results in it having a negative charge again. The process continues all the way through the axon which carries the charge through the neuron.

The synapse has three parts to it. There is the presynaptic membrane, the postsynaptic membrane, and synaptic gap. Once the action potential has reached the axon terminal, it connects to the presynaptic membrane which then releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic gap between the nerve cells. The neurotransmitters then bind onto the postsynaptic membrane and respond in either a inhibitory or excitatory way. If it is excitatory, then the neuron receiving the action potential will continue to send it along. However, if it is inhibitory then the neuron will stop sending the action potential.