Annexation of Australia-March.12.1938
History:
On March 11,1939 Hitler said to Schuschnigg to give power to Austrian Nazis or Germany will invade Austria. Schuschnigg quit that evening because he could not get help from France or Britain. Meanwhile, the President of Austria did not want Nazis in power. Hitler got angry and quickly took control of Vienna and arrested the old government. March12, the German army went to Austria and were greeted by cheering Austrian Germans.
( Germany attacked Australia. It is Australia and a complicated newspaper article.)
Source:
http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/.m/thedailymirror/files/1938_0313_cover.jpg
Application:
In the story, “The Cage”, words such as ‘war’ and ‘Hitler’ became a part of everyone’s daily vocabulary. Moishe, the static character who remains optimistic through the the story, claims that Poland is strong and the rest of the world would not let Hitler take over Poland. Then, Yankl says: ‘But the world let Hitler take over Austria and Czechoslovakia.” What Yankl says refers to when the German troops entered Austria and won a battle without shooting a single bullet on March 12,1938. Rather than the Austrian troops fighting against the German troops with civilians panicking, the German troops were welcomed into Austria with cheering. This is an exposition, it is before the conflict where things are still peaceful but leading to the conflict of the story where Poland gets taken over by Germany. This foreshadows what is to come and that Poland is not safe from Nazi Germany. It foreshadows that people will turn their backs on them like how Mrs. Grub ear and her family did.
Germany invaded Poland- September 1,1939
History:
1. On September 1st, 1939 Germany invaded Poland. 2. On September 3rd, Britain and France declared war on Germany. 3. This is how World War 2 was started. 4. Germany and the Soviet Union had a deal so divided Poland afterwards.
( Newspaper article when Germany occupied Poland)
Source:
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/87/19/ff/8719ff000d4ebe79f42ff5c2f20e0e5c.jpg
Application:
The conflict begins on September 1st ,1939 when the German army invaded Poland. Then on September 3rd,France and Britain declared war on Germany which started World War 2. Unfortunately, not much could be done to save Poland and because of a prior agreement Poland was divided between Germany and Soviet Russia at a later time. The German troops forced the Jewish out of their homes, some people were killed by them. Meanwhile, a new breed of German came suddenly to life: Volksdeutsche. Poles who never knew of their German heritage dig to find a drop of German blood that will link them to “the Fatherland.” Suddenly, Riva, the protagonist, and her family are betrayed by the once warm Mrs. Grub ear and her family who robbed them their stuff.
Jews in German-occupied Poland forced to wear an arm band or yellow star-November 23,1939
History:
On 23 November 1939, Hank Frank, the Nazi Governor-General of occupied Poland, decreed that all Jews who lived in the Poland, the people who were age of over 10 have to were a star on the right arm or on the cloths. It was not allowed for them to exclude the mark of the star without permission. It made it easy for Nazis to identify Jews for deportation.
(Jewish people wearing Star of david in font of a Nazi)
Source:
https://firstlightforum.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/nazi-a-jew-with-star-of-david.gif?w=590
Application:
On November 23,1939, the Nazi Governor-General of Poland forced all the Jewish people in people over the age of 10 to wear a star on their right arm or on their clothes. It was not allowed for them to hide the mark and it made it easy for the Nazis to identify Jews for deportation. In the story, Riva asks Saba, her cousin and best friend, if she is ashamed to wear the mark. There is internal conflict from Riva while Saba, a flat character, said she wears the star with pride. This is a rising point., cornering the Jewish to the climax of the story which is deportation. In Riva and her siblings case, it eventually lead them to going to Auschwitz where she never saw her brothers again.
Lots Ghetto sealed-May.7.1940
History:
On February 8th ,1940 the Nazis made the 230,000 Jews move. The space was only 4.3kilometers. After 8 months after the German invasion, Lodz was sealed. The Nazis chose a Jewish man named Mordechai Rumkowski to lead the ghetto.
(German sign of Lodz Ghetto: “Residential area of the Jews. Do not Enter”)
Source:
http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/ghettos/Lodz/images/lodzghettoentrance.jpg
Application:
The rising action continues and gets closer to the climax of the story. On February 8th,1940 the Nazis made 230,000 Jews move into the Lodz ghetto. No one was going in or out. The space was only 4.3kilometers. The Nazis had chosen a Jewish man named Mordechai Rumkowski, a flat character, to lead the ghetto. Riva describes him as a man hungry for power and wealth. In the story, the Nazis ordered all machinery to be surrendered to them. This meant no more factories and no more jobs. This lead to thousands of people include Riva, her mother, and siblings joint a march to get more foods and jobs. The March brings results: lichens to supply food, hospitals, schools, and factories. However the kitchen supplies and hospital do not long. Eventually tuberculosis and dysentery spread like wild fire and Riva’s little brother Laibele gets tuberculosis, which he eventually dies from.
Lots ghetto deportation of those unable to work include thr sick, old,and children-September 1942
History:
On September 1942, there had deportation request. The people unable to work to be deported. The people who were nerdy sick, the old, and the children. Many parents refused to send their children to the transport the area and tried to hide them.
(Deporting who were sick and old.)
Source:
https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/f3/81/eb/f381eb12c6211ba716d499970af1857e.jpg
Application:
On September 1942, the Nazis began to deport people who were unable to work. The people who were very sick, the old, and the child. In the story, the Nazis say ‘there are hospitals, better places for the sick and the old.’ Riva’s mother is determined to not let Laibele be taken away so she hides him. They see that Riva’s mother looks sick so they plead with her to hide with Laibele as well. The external conflict escalated as the Nazis say she is too sick to work and put her in a wagon. Riva and her siblings beg for her to jump off the wagon but the policeman hold her back. This was the last time they saw their mother and although the Riva was only 16 years old, she become a mother to her siblings.
Liquidation of Lodz ghetto, Jews deported to Auschwitz-August.7, 1944
History:
In 1944, the Nazis decided to close the ghetto. The remainder of the Jews were sent to concentration camps in Chelmno and Auschwitz. 74,000 Jews were sent to Auschwitz to side. Many died because of starvation, labour, diseases, or killed from gas chambers.
( It is the photograph that a Jews who were in Lodz ghetto, takes a train to Auschwitz.)
Source:
https://www.ushmm.org/lcmedia/photo/lc/image/02/02625.jpg
Application:
On August 7th 1944 we get to the climate of the story. The Nazis decided to close the ghetto and the remainder of the Jews were sent to concentration camps in Chelmno and Auschwiz. Riva and her siblings get on the wagon not knowing where they were going. Throughout the story, being the oldest brother, Motele had felt responsible for his family. Motele, worried about being separated, promises Riva to look after their brothers. When the doors finally open and the German voice says “Welcome ti Aushwitz.” There is intense suspense. Although the character in the book are unaware, the reader knows that 74,000 Jews from Lodz were sent to Auschwitz to die from starvation, labour and diseases, or killed from gas chambers, there is dramatic irony.