Posted on No Comments on Neuron communication summary

Neuron communication summary

Neuron communication summary

Motor neuron

The function of the nucleus it to carry the DNA, while the cell body contains the genetic information, maintains the structure, and provides energy. The myelin sheath works to allow electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently. The axon terminal releases the neurotransmitter when it is stimulated, caused by an electrical signal carried by the axon, and the axon bulb secretes the neurotransmitter. The node of Ranvier works to facilitate rapid conduction of the nerve impulses, while the axon carries electrical impulses and projects to the synapses. The dendrite works to transfer the received information to the soma of the neuron. All these different parts work to allow us to speak, move, swallow and more.

Neuron function:

How an action potential moves along the neuron fibre:

 An action potential moves along the neuron fibre through four main steps. It starts at resting position. This is when the sodium is on the outside of the axon, and the potassium is on the inside of the axon. At this time, the voltage is -70mV. Next depolarization occurs. This is when the sodium moves from the outside of the axon to the inside, and the voltage is +30mV. Next, potassium ions get pumped out and move to the outside of the membrane. At this time, repolarization occurs, and the voltage goes from +30mV back down to -70mV. Finally, the flow of depolarization occurs. This is when the potassium moves back to the outside of the axon and the sodium moves back in. The voltage remains -70mV. All these steps work together to create action potential that moves along the neuron fibre.
Synapse structure

The structure of the synapse is made up of two parts: The presynaptic membrane and the Postsynaptic membrane. The presynaptic membrane is attached to the axon bulb and is composed of the axon of the sending neuron which transmits messages from the cell body to the dendrites of other neurons. The synaptic vesicle which is used as storage and stimulus-dependent release of neurotransmitters and the axon terminal bulb is the “bulb” like structure that is the presynaptic membrane. Continuing, there is the synaptic gap in between the presynaptic membrane and the postsynaptic membrane where the neurotransmitters are. The job of the synaptic gap is to allow ions to flow from one cell to another one. Next, we get to the postsynaptic membrane, that is made up of the dendrite of receiving neuron, which works to allow a neuron to receive input from other cells. There are also the neurotransmitter receptors that through diffusion, allow the neurotransmitter to bind to the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the receiving neuron. When this happens the neurotransmitter message is received as excitatory (stimulates an actions potential on receiving neuron) or inhibitory (no action potential on the receiving neuron).

 

How a signal is sent from axon of sending neuron to dendrite of receiving neuron

Action potential begins in the first at neuron where goes to the axon bulb. From there, action potential allows the synaptic vesicles to move into the presynaptic membrane, where it will then move into the postsynaptic membrane through the synaptic gap. After that, it will move into the neurotransmitter receptors, where it will be either excitatory or inhibitory.

How the receiving neuron “determines” whether or not to send its own action potential

It “determines” whether or not to send its own action potential, depending on if the message is received as either excitatory (stimulates an actions potential on receiving neuron) or inhibitory (no action potential on the receiving neuron). This means that if the message is received as excitatory, the neuron “encourages” action potential, but if it is inhibitory no action potential will occur.

 

 

 

Posted on No Comments on Desmos Art Functions Card 2022

Desmos Art Functions Card 2022

(It’s very glitchy, but it’s fully done so if you click on the link and zoom in it’s done)

https://www.desmos.com/calculator/yalhs6jkiw

How you figured out what equations to use.

At the start it took lots of trial and error because I wasn’t sure yet how I could manipulate different functions to fit in specific parts of my image. What really helped me be able to figure out what equations to use and how certain equations looked was youtube videos others had made about their own Desmos project, where they explained in detail how to manipulate those equations to do certain things. I found that watching the videos really helped me to visual my own image and how I could incorporate similar functions into my own project.

 Did you have any challenges?

I had lots of challenges with Princess Peach’s hair. As you can see theres many swoops and sharp edges, so this was the portion of the project that took me the longest to complete. I found it very difficult at first to perfectly line up all the different ellipses and semi-circles I had going on and found it very tedious and frustrating at times. How I resolved this challenge was just by focusing on one small part at a time so I didn’t get overwhelmed by all of it at once. I found this made me much more productive. I also had challenges when I started to shade and Desmos got pretty glitchy. It was hard to know what I had actually shaded or what I had missed because of the glitching, but I learnt that you just have to be patient with it and eventually it will show up.

 

Any aha moments?

Yes! When I was starting to shade I didn’t know how make it so that the shading went around certain shapes (like a circle) or end at certain shapes, because the shading goes down in strips of rectangles. Due to this I was having lots of problems because I have so many circle shapes, so my shading was looking very bad. After asking for some help and learning how to do it everything made sense and shading became so much easier.

Did you get help?

Yes a lot, specifically with shading. Like I explained above, I didn’t know how to make the shading go around shapes like circles. Even after watching many videos I still wasn’t sure. But after I asked my teacher for help and learnt how to do it, I was able to work through the shading quite a bit faster.

Did you use any strategies?

My best strategy was to stay very organized. Everyday I would set myself a goal to finish for example, the lower dress or something like that so I could make sure I finished in time. I found it much easier to focus on one part of the image each day then try to tackle too much at a time because I wasn’t being as productive that way.

How did this assignment help you understand more about transformations of functions and relations? 

This assignment helped me understand more about transformations of functions and relations because the more I was working with them the more I was getting comfortable with them and after a while I had just memorized all the different equations and I didn’t need to search anything up. As well as, it helped me understand how different equations can be manipulated in different ways that make the equation look nothing like the original equations, which on paper is hard to do. This project helped me take things we learnt in class and play with it to create a big image, something that I did not think I could do. 

Posted on No Comments on Theme Park Project- Reflection

Theme Park Project- Reflection

Above you can see our brochure for the “Handmaid’s Hideout”. We came up with this name because a theme park isn’t somewhere where a Handmaid would be so it would have to be a hideout for them, as well as if they were there they couldn’t get hurt, so it would serve as a hideout. I focused on the character you would see in the park, for my portion of the project. I chose Offed, Serena Joy, Nick, and The Commander (although Nick isn’t in the brochure). I focused on writing how they would act, what they would wear, and what they would eat while at the park. Doing this portion of the project allowed me to use my critical and creative thinking all together. I had to be critical while I pulled the real facts out from the book. What I mean by facts is the real ways the characters acted and whom they were. I couldn’t just make that up, so it forced me to think critically about all the bits and pieces I had picked up from them during the book. I had to think creatively while putting the paragraphs together because I had to take these characters, from such a serious book, and imagine how they’d act in an amusement park. This caused me some problems because at first I couldn’t quit figure out how they would act or what they would say, or enjoy. But after using my creative thinking I was able to write up four paragraphs that I’m proud of. Something I would do differently next time is get clarification on the presentation. My group and I thought that all we had to present was a brochure, which turned out not to be the case after watching other groups present. I enjoyed this project and I thought it was a creative way to end this unit!