What I have learned about grade 9 fractions

Fractions on number lines

My first unit of grade 9 math went wonderfully. In the unit we got to further explore integers, fractions, square roots and build an understanding of the effect of negative integers/fractions. In part of this unit, I learned that any whole number is really a fraction in disguise, for example 3. If put any whole number over \frac{3}{1} (1) , it’s a fraction. This really helped me in placing fractions on number lines as well as receiving answers much fast then I would have if I didn’t write some division question as fractions.

I learned that it’s actually easier to place fractions then I thought. The way it works is that each denominator represents the amount of spaces between each whole number and the numerator represents how any spaces from 0. This means it can either move x amount of spaces in the positive direction or the negative direction. In most fractions, we typically keep the negative sign on the numerator because it makes our life easier when we have to evaluate questions later on.

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Comparing fractions

The technique used to compare fractions is quit similar to the one of adding and subtracting fractions. To be able to compare fractions, you have to find a common factor between the two denominators. We tend to abide by an unspoken rule that says we don’t divide numbers to compare them. Of course, it is a faster but more complicated approach. You can still use that as a strategy though. Usally, once we find the common denominator, we multiply the numerator and the denominator by the same number. Some ways to find a common denominator is to look at both and ask yourself if they share a common factor. Let’s use \frac{2}{9} and \frac{1}{12} as examples. I know that 3\cdot3 equales 9 and 3\cdot4 so, the common factor would be 3. Therefor, [(3 x {3) x 4}] equals 36. 36 would be your final common denominator.

If we see there is a negative sign either in front of the numerator, denominator or just the whole fraction, we can conclude that it is negative. Which means that it is situated further to the left then the right. Normally anything further to the left will be smaller then anything to the right of the number line.

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Adding/subtracting fractions

Adding and subtracting fractions is very much like comparing. You have to find a common denominator. Your first step would be to go through the steps in finding a common factor, for example \frac{1}{4} and \frac{3}{8}. Your common denominator would be 8 and you would have to multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number, so in the end you will have \frac {2}{8} and \frac{3}{8}. \frac{2 - 3}{8} equals \frac{- 1}{8}. If one of you numbers is negative, that doesn’t really make a difference, you would still go about adding the two number or subtracting them. Just to help this process, make sure you have all negative signs up top so that your common denominator will be easier to identify.

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Multiplying/dividing fractions 

Multiplying and dividing is a little different then adding, subtracting and comparing fractions. Let’s start with multiplication. The way multiplication works is that you are multiplying both numerators and denominators by each other and reducing to it’s simplest form. Although, you can simplify earlier on in the process. If you see a common factor between numerator and denominator, you may divide those numbers by the common factor so that you don’t have to reduce at the end. If one of the numbers is a negative and you have already divided the other number by a positive, you would also go about dividing the negative number by that same positive number.

(1) Dividing a fraction is just multiplying in disguise. You always leave the first fraction as is, but you have to switch the second fraction to it’s reciprocal. This means swapping the top and bottom number so you may multiply after. (2) If you do see that the numerators can divide by each other, as well as the denominators, you are allowed to directly divide across in that situation.

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Square roots

In this unit we did focus on square roots and not in great detail. When you say, “10 is the square root (\sqrt{x}) of 100″, you are really saying that 10 times itself is a perfect square, therefor 100. A square root is really the area of a perfect square and when they ask, “what is the square root (\sqrt{x}) of 36″, you need to find a number times itself to equal to “36”.

I haven’t gotten the chance just yet to learn about negative square roots because that would mean they are less then nothing. I guess if you were to multiply -3\cdot-3 is would still equal itself to 9.

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