Neuron and Synapse Communication

Neurons Function: The neurons are electrically excitable cells in the nervous system that function to process and transmit information through the dendrite where they receive electrical messages and then the axon sends the information to other neurons.

How an action potential moves along the neuron fiber?

As an action potential travels down an axon there is a change in polarity across the membrane of the axon. The action potential continues to travel down the axon in one direction only to the axon terminal where it signals other neurons.

Synapse Function: It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell

 

How a signal is sent from axon of sending neuron to dendrite of receiving neuron?

The axon of the sending neuron does not actually touch the dendrite of the receiving neuron. There is a tiny gap between them, the synaptic cleft, the neurotransmitters travel across the synapse between the axon and the dendrite of the next neuron.

How the receiving neuron “determines” whether or not to send its own action potential?

The receiving neuron will determine whether or not to send its own action potential if is sees if it is excitatory or inhibitory. Excitatory is when the stimulates action poetical on the receiving neuron and for inhibitory is the represses action poetical on the receiving neuron.

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