Week 3 – Math 10

This week’s new math topic is Trigonometry, I’ve always heard about it and Pre-Calculus from my older sister and was curious to see what it was. Now I’ve found out that its solving for triangle angles using the weird buttons on my scientific calculator. It was real exciting to finally find out what “sin” “cos” and “tan” meant.

The equation begins with a right-angled triangle, one like this:

The first step to solving this would be to label the variables in the equation. There are three labels you need to use: Hypotenuse, Adjacent, and Opposite. But before you can find the labels, you need to determine what the Reference Point is.

The reference point is usually a number inside the triangle that is measured in degrees (°) In this case the reference point is 42. For the labeling, the Hypotenuse is the longest side of the triangle and can be found by looking at the side across from the 90° angle. The Opposite is the side across and furthest away from the Reference Point, which is 69. Finally, the Adjacent is the side that is right next to the Reference Point.

Note that the Adjacent cannot be the Hypotenuse and vice versa, so always look for the Hypotenuse first before everything else so that you don’t get confused. After labeling the triangle should now look like this.

The next step is to find out which ratio is needed to solve for this question. Sine, Cosine or Tangent. The ratios for each are as follows:


A good way to remember what each ratio has is “Opposite is always on top” “Hypotenuse is always on bottom” and “Tangent has both Opposite and Adjacent”. Next is to write down an acronym called SOH CAH TOA. This acronym can help you determine which ratio is going to be used for the equation.

What you should do with SOH CAH TOA is you must look for the side that has is blank or empty, then cross out all the letters corresponding to your blank side. For this equation the side that is empty is the Hypotenuse or H so cross out all H’s in the acronym. The end result should look like this:

TOA or Tangent is the only ratio that isn’t crossed out, so Tangent is the ratio we will be using for this equation. The ratio’s number is the reference point, so the final equation is Tangent 42 = \frac{69}{x}

Now we can solve the equation. First thing to do is to isolate X, but in this case X is the denominator which makes things more complicated. The best thing to do is to cross multiply X with the Tangent which results in this:

A scientific calculator is needed to solve this. After inputting the required variables the result is 76.63226352 which isn’t pretty to look at, so depending on the question or teacher the final result would be limited to a certain decimal point. For this question we’ll just be limiting it to the hundredths or 2 decimal points. So the final answer would be X = 76.63

Voila, your work is done, and so is mine.

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