Mole Lab

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Food Review

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Important things I have learned so far in science

DNA

DNA is a complex, long-chained molecule that encodes the genetic characteristics of a living organism. In most plants and animals, DNA is packaged with ribonucleic acid and proteins into compact structures called chromosomes that reside in the cell nucleus.

DNA contains four basic building blocks called adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T)


Genetics 

The human genome has 3 billion pairs of bases. The order of these nucleotides are critical to the accuracy of the instructions of a gene. The most important molecules encoded by genes are RNA and proteins. Gene – the functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring.

Every cell in the body with a nucleus (a compartment in most cells) has the same complete set of genes. A gene is made of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and is basically a type of genetic instruction. Those instructions can be used for making molecules and controlling the chemical reaction of life. Genes can also be passed from parent to offspring; this is inheritance.


Punnett square

The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who devised the approach. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype.

If a mutation occurs in just one copy of the gene then that individual is considered heterozygous. On the other hand if both copies of a gene are mutated then that individual is homozygous genotype.


Dihybrid punnett square 

Punnett, who devised the approach. The diagram is used by biologists to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. The Punnett square is a tabular summary of possible combinations of maternal alleles with paternal alleles.

A commonly discussed Punnett Square is the dihybrid cross. A dihybrid cross tracks two traits. Both parents are heterozygous, and one allele for each trait exhibits complete dominance. This means that both parents have recessive alleles, but exhibit the dominant phenotype.

Float your Boat

 

A short overview/summary of the experiment

We worked with a group of 3-4 people to make a boat that can float on water and hold the most number of pennies. The only materials we had were 1 piece of aluminum foil (20cm x 15cm), 1 piece of masking tape (15cm), 2 toothpicks, and 2 marshmallows. After, we had 10-15 minutes to brainstorm a what design boat will hold the most pennies, shape, and size of the boat. Then, tested by putting our boat in “the pond” to see how many pennies would the boat hold before it submerged.

My group decided to look up and brainstorm some ideas, then we decided to fold the aluminum foil in half, then we folded the sides of the aluminum foil and tapped the corners together. But, we decided not to use the toothpicks and marshmallows.


My hypothesis

If we fold the aluminum foil twice then the boat will hold more pennies because it would have a strider base.

Observation

Qualitative – The aluminum foil was the color silver and the opposite corners of the boat folded inwards because the pennies were too heavy

Quantitative – Held 48 pennies


Conclusion

The boat we made out of aluminum foil folded in “the pond” till we reached 48 pennies inside the boat. My hypothesis was supported because when we folded the aluminum foil twice then the boat was strider base. An error was that we didn’t fold the aluminum foil enough times because the opposite corners of the boat folded inwards because the pennies were too heavy. Suggestions for improvements are to folded the aluminum foil four times instead because the opposite corners of the boat folded inwards because the pennies were too heavy.

Transportation

5 choses que j’ai appris

Les concessionnaires parle a propos de le monthly payments or weekly or the biweekly payment au lieu du prix réel de la voiture.

Les concessionnaires offrent instantanément des prêts de 7 ans

Essaye de le payer au complet, ne dépasse pas ton budget

Les concessions de voiture ou les banques

Trouve le meilleur financement pour toi.

3 questions

Où pouvez-vous acheter une voiture moin cher?

Quel est le processus d’achat d’une voiture?

Qu’est-ce qu’un bon prix pour une voiture ou une bonne affaire?

T-Chart Racism in America

When is the words racism mention what comes to mind? To most people racism is when one believes that his/her genetically physical characteristics are better than the characteristics of another race. But what does not comes mind is racism did and can lead to the elimination of another race, division of a nation and the enslavement of another race, as what took place in history. In this modern time where there are laws against discrimination of any sort and words like ” we are created equally “are said almost everywhere, one will think racism does not exist and it is part of history. But racism is still around because the causes of racism still exist. Therefore we should examine the causes of racism. Sometimes racism can develop among people of different race because of the lack of knowledge about the other race culture, belief, and history. Since little is known about the other race their behavior can be misinterpreted. For example, the pilgrims that settled in America taught the Native Social norms is also one of the causes of racism because some people are taught to dislike other race by their family or someone who has great influence on them.And in some instances, they tend to pass what they were taught to the next generation. For example of a social norm, one of my High school classmates were taught by his parents to dislike a certain race because they were considered to be “bad influence”. In the film “Skin Deep,” one of the students was saying that when one black person shoplift the whole black community feel the effect because the other races will look at black people as shoplifters.That is a perfect example of stereotyping where the whole race is generalized as something that there are not.