communicationcc – Page 2

Chemistry in My World

Video about SIM card. No voiceover, only music. Music and pictures are not mine.

My summary of the video: SIM cards are made from silicon. Silicon, gold, plastic, and a bit of phosphorus. The card is important because it lets you use the communication things on your phone, like calling and messages. Many people buy them. So, is silicon safe for the environment? Apparently, it is even less harmful to humans then plastic. So silicon is safer then plastic, which is good. Or as long as you recycle it properly. Giesecke & Devrient are the names of people who created the SIM cards. There are many types of SIM cards too. Full, mini, micro, nano, and embedded.

REFLECTION – Define. Discover. Deliver. Debrief.

What we had to do for our project is we had to pick something, like an object, and learn about it. Before that, we first got into a group of 3 of our choice, and started brainstorming some ideas. For my group, we chose the SIM Card. Our question was ‘How Does a phone’s SIM Card connect to chemistry and the world?’ We had to research about it, and put it into a final ‘product’, as we did a video. Then write a reflection.

Since we couldn’t just search up an answer for ‘How Does a phone’s SIM Card connect to chemistry and the world?’, we had to make smaller questions, and get answers for those. Here is a list of all the smaller questions we made.

What elements are used to make the sim card of a smartphone?

What kind of compound is it?

What affects do simcard have on water?

What can simcards do?

How many chemicals does a simcard contain

How many different types are there?

Are their materials in the simcard that can harm our environment?

Is there a better alternative material?

Who made the simcard?

<– What you see here is our list of questions, and our research we did for them.

For our final product, we made the notes more organized. We split up the questions so we could each focus on some, then added what we found on the sheet. At first we weren’t sure what to make as the final product, but I wanted to make a video, so I asked my group and they agreed. It was a bit of a risk making a video, because they do take time to make. I only know how to edit on iMovie, because its the only editor I ever used. I volunteered to edit the whole video, because though I wasn’t the #1 in the world for editing, I wasn’t bad. We spent a couple days getting good information down, so I had little time to edit. I still tried my best with the time I had, and the final result wasn’t bad 🙂 Because to make the video, you needed all the information.

Though if I had more time, it could probably be a bit better. One of the things we could’ve improve is maybe getting our research done faster. Another thing I forgot to mention is that for the video, we tried putting in our voices to narrate it, but when I tried to edit, the background noise was really loud. So I just didn’t add it in. Overall, it was nice working in a group project again, so we can all learn from each other, and help one another.

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Prescribed Learning Outcomes for Exponents:

1) Represent repeated multiplication with exponents

This wants you to show repeated multiplication, but using exponents. For example, 5x5x5x5, is the same thing as $5^4$ . 5 being the base, and 4 is the exponent. Another example is 2x2x2, which is the same thing as $2^3$ . The number 2, is the base, and then how many 2’s there are, is the exponent.

2) Describe how powers represent repeated multiplication

Powers can represent repeated multiplication. If you had, for example $7^5$ , it can be also written as repeated multiplication 7x7x7x7x7. Because you have five sevens.

3) Demonstrate the difference between the exponent and the base by building models of a given power, such as $3^2$ and $2^3$ .

$3^2$ , is 3 to the power of 2, or 3 squared. And if written as repeated multiplication it would be 3×3. $2^3$ would be 2 cubed, or 2x2x2.

$2^3$ is a cube with a width, length, and height of 2. If it was cut into cubes and you count it up, it would be 8, or you can do length times width times height. $3^2$ is a square with a length and height of 3. And if you count that up, it would be 9.

$2^3$ = 8

$3^2$ = 9

4) Demonstrate the difference between two given powers in which the exponent and the base are interchanged by using repeated multiplication, such as $3^2$ and $2^3$ .

$3^2$ and $2^3$ are not the same. Just because you change where the exponent and base is, the value will be different, in most cases. $3^2$ is 3×3=9, and $2^3$ is 2x2x2=8.

5) Evaluate powers with integral bases (excluding base 0) and whole number exponents.

Here is a bunch of examples on bases and powers. This question is basically asking you to solve the powers with number bases and exponents. The bases could be even or negative, and this is what happens.

$0^2$ = 0x0 = 0

$1^3$ = 1x1x1 = 1

$2^4$ = 2x2x2x2 = 16

$3^5$ = 3x3x3x3x3 = 243

Even bases and even exponents make even answers.

$(-3)^3$ = (-3x-3x-3)= -27

If the base is negative, and the exponent is odd, then its a negative answer.

6) Explain the role of parentheses in powers by evaluating a given set of powers such as $(-2)^4, (-2^4), -2^4$ .

Brackets can make the powers different. Here is what it really means of where the brackets are.

$(-2)^4$ = (-2)x(-2)x(-2)x(-2) = 16

$(-2^4)$ = (-1x2x2x2x2) = -16

$-2^4$ = -1x2x2x2x2= -16

If the exponent is outside the brackets, like $(-2)^4$ then that means its (-2)x(-2)x(-2)x(-2) and it equals positive 16 because an even number of negatives equals a positive. For $(-2^4)$ and $-2^4$ , the – sign is the coefficient, which makes it -1 then 2x2x2x2 which equals -16.

7) Explain the exponent laws for multiplying and dividing powers with the same base.

Whenever you have powers with the same base, then you can use either multiplying or dividing exponent laws.

For example, $y^3y^2$ , is y to the power of 3, times y to the power of 2. Instead of figuring that out then multiplying them, or if you don’t know what y is, you can also add the exponents. $y^3^+^2$ which would then equal $y^5$ .

The dividing one is almost the same. Except you would subtract the exponents instead. So $\frac{y^3}{y^2}$ would be the same as $y^3^-^2$ which is $y^1$

8) Explain the exponent laws for raising a product and quotient to an exponent.

This might sound confusing, but once you learn it it won’t be. Raising a product to an exponent is like $(ab)^2$ . Which then you can use the power rule. You can write $(ab)^2$ like $(a^1b^1)^2$ , so you just want to multiply the 2 to the ones. So it then becomes ( $a^2b^2$ ). Another example can be $(2a)^3$ . The coefficient, 2, you just bring it to the power of 3 so its 8, and then the a is $a^3$ . And when you write it together it’s ( $8a^3$ ), because you don’t know what ‘a’ is.

The quotient rule, is also like that, in a way. So if you havethe exponent 3 of the fraction is saying that it is $\frac{2}{3} . \frac{2}{3}.\frac{2}{3}$ so it can be written as 2 cubed divided by 3 cubed which equals 8 over 27.

9) Explain the law for powers with an exponent of zero.

If the exponent of a power is zero (0), then the number is just one. What I mean is, if you ever get a power the exponent is 0, for example $y^0$ , then its just 1.

10) Use patterns to show that a power with an exponent of zero is equal to one.

So you know that $y^0$ equals 1, or anything with an exponent of 0 also equals 1.

But why? Well, so you know that $\frac{y^4}{y^3}$ is $y^4^-^3 = y^1$ . So when its $\frac{y^3}{y^3}$ , $y^3^-^3 = y^0$ . And $y^0$ equals 1, because 1 times $y^3$ equals $y^3$ .

11) Explain the law for powers with negative exponents.

When you have a negative exponents, its a little different. You just flip the whole thing around. For example, $x^-^2$ then equals $\frac{1}{x^2}$ . Another example is $2^-^3$ ,= $\frac{1}{2^3} = \frac{1}{8}$ .

12) Use patterns to explain the negative exponent law.
Divide by 2

2³ = 82²= 42¹= 2 2⁰= 1
2⁻¹= 1/22⁻²= 1/4
2⁻³= 1/8

If the base is something else, then divide it by that. Like if the base is 3 then divide it by 3 each time when your going down.

13) I can apply the exponent laws to powers with both integral and variable bases.

Integral, is like 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. and variable is like $y, x, etc.$ Variable is when you don’t know what the number is or the number can change. The laws for both of them are the same except the integral you can solve it.

$(2^3)(2^2)$ is, you know, $2^3^+^2$ which equals $2^5$ = 2x2x2x2x2 = 32

$(x^2)(x^3)$ is $(x^2^+^3)$ = $x^5$ = ( $x$ )( $x$ )( $x$ )( $x$ )( $x$ ) but since $x$ is a variable you can’t solve it. So the answer would just be left as $x^5$ .

The same for the other exponent laws as well.

14) I can identify the error in a simplification of an expression involving powers.

If you get something like $5^2$ x $5^3$ = $25^1^5$ , then you know its wrong. Because your not suppose to do it like that. You can use exponent laws $5^2^+^3 = 5^5 = 3 125$ .

Or I know that $\frac{7^6}{7}$ does not equal $7^6$ because the 7 under the $7^6$ is actually a $7^1$ and $7^6^-^1 = 7^5$ .

15) Use the order of operations on expressions with powers.

Using order of operations on expressions, with powers is to use the right operation first. If you get one for example, $(-7a^-^2b^3c^0)^-2$ . Instead of turning over the whole thing because of the -2 exponent outside of the brackets, you can use the power law. Then it becomes. $(-7^-^2a^4b^-^6c^0)$ After that you can use the negative exponent rule. $\frac{a^4}{-7^2b^6}$ . And when you solve it, it becomes $\frac{a^4}{49b^6}$ . You might ask, wait what happened to the c? Well, since its $c^0$ the 0 times anything will still be 0, and then when an exponent is 0 the whole thing becomes 1. And 1 times anything is the same thing. So you don’t have to write it.

16) Determine the sum and difference of two powers.

You can’t use the exponent laws when there is + or -. So you will just have to do the exponent, then add the sum/difference. For example, $3^2 + 2^3$ , it’s 9+8=17.

And $3^2 - 2^3$ is 9 – 8 = 1.

17) Identify the error in applying the order of operations in an incorrect solution.

If someone does $3^2+3^3=3^5$ then I know its wrong because you cannot use exponent laws for addition. You must do 9+27 which the correct answer is 36. Because exponents first, then addition.

18) Use powers to solve problems (measurement problems)

How can you use powers to solve word problems? (Measurement problems) Well this is how!

There is a blue square with a side length of 5cm. there is a red square overlapping the blue square, and the red square has a side length of 4cm. What is the area of the blue square is visible? If drawn out, it would look like this.

You can use exponents to represent and solve this. To find area, its side length times side length, which in this case is 5cm, so its $5^2$ = 25. And $4^2$ is 16. So then you do 25-16 because the 16 is covering the 25.

25-16=9. So the answer is $9cm^2$ .

19) Use powers to solve problems (growth problems)

An example question – There once was a blob. The blob doubles every hour. How many blobs will there be by the 9th hour?

You would solve it like $2^0$ to start with. And then every hour is the exponent. 1st hour, = $2^1$ = 2. Second hour = $2^2$ = 4. And the 9th hour would be $2^9$ which is 512. There will be 512 blobs the 9th hour.