Mutation Story – Progeria

Mutation Story

I started as a negative gene mutation in the cell of a little girl named Hayley Okines.  I affect Lamin A, a protein that is used to make the nucleus of a cell stable.  Scientists think that I cause the nucleus to be very unstable and very deformed.  Little Hayley’s doctor noticed her ageing skin, hair loss and joint stiffness, and she was diagnosed with Progeria.  I tend to affect patient’s hearts, making them have heart problems, and killing them most often with strokes and heart related diseases.  Usually people who have Progeria pass away between the ages of 8 and 21, but the average is 13.  Hayley, and many others with Progeria have to go to the doctor’s all the time for check-ups and heart-checks.  Hayley’s parent’s never know whether they’re going to wake up and not have their little girl anymore.  Unfortunately, last year Haley Okines was home from being treated at the hospital for pneumonia, she passed away at seventeen with her family close by.  2015-04-04_new_8349725_I1

 

For my research, I typed in key words like “progeria” and “fast ageing”, which got me to a whole bunch of medical sites that listed accurate information.  I needed to research how Progeria affects the body, as well as how it starts as a mutation.  Another way I researched information was watching a documentary.  I watched the full documentary about Hayley Okines, and I learned a ton of information about Progeria.  First, I watched some of the documentary to get a taste of the life of someone with progeria, but I didn’t understand some of the vocabulary, so I looked it up.  By the end of this assignment, I know a lot more about Progeria than I did before.  I think this assignment was fairly easy, since I had already heard about Progeria from my mom.  I think I could have possibly  done better research, and gone into further detail.

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BC Power Story

How is energy produced in BC?
There are 30 hydroelectric dams is BC, which provide 86% of BC’s power. Hydroelectric dams can be many different types of river-based dams, such as, storage, run-of-river and pumped hydro. They were originally built in the 30s-40s. Hydroelectric dams rely on the kinetic energy of falling water to omit electricity. The amount of electricity that can be produced depends on the height change in the hydroelectric dam. These hydroelectric dams have huge drop-offs that help rise the amount of kinetic energy. The dams hold water that is used to store energy in the form of potential energy. The water is released into a pipe, then it makes contact with a turbine, making the turbine spin. As it spins, it powers a generator. A shaft connects the turbine to the generator which holds magnets that spin, and rush past a number of coils made our of copper. This creates alternating current.

Hydroelectric dam
Hydroelectric dam

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How does the transmission system bring electricity to my home?
The first step to powering a home involves substations. These substations distribute volts to power transformers throughout your area. The voltage that is distributed to the power transformers is way too high (it is about 46,000 volts or 115,000 volts). So, the transformers basically tone the volts down. The volts are then moved to distribution transformers, where they are toned down to a more acceptable amount for your house. By now, the distribution transformer sends the volts for kilometers, until it reaches your house. The, the volts are stepped down to 120/240 volts). After the distribution transformer does its job, the volts are transferred to a service wire that’s attached to your home, either underground or above ground, which and is attached to a meter box. The home breaker is attached to the meter box with a wire, and by now, your switches are activated, and your lights will turn on with the flick of a switch.

A distribution transformer
A distribution transformer

Websites I used:

How Power is Delivered to Your Home

http://www.energybc.ca/profiles/largehydro.html