Double Majority: To make a bill a law, the majority of the Legislative Assembly of Canada East and Canada West had to for the decision. Because French Canadians were a minority compared to English Canadians. Because there were more English than French, the French couldn’t maintain their language, because they would never win anything by a majority vote.

Independents: Politicians who did not belong to a party, but still wanted to vote. The problem with independents were that they affected the amount of seats both colonies had in parliament, and they could overrule bills.

Equal Representation vs Representation by Population: Canada West was against equal representation because even though they had a greater population, they had no advantage against Canada East, because both colonies had equal number of seats in the government. This wouldn’t be a problem if it didn’t cause constant disagreement.

Representation by population is a way of government seat organization by population. Because they were more English-speaking population, the English got more seats. And because French-speaking population were the minorities they got less seats in parliament. This meant the French could never vote out the English.